Masu ƙirƙira guda biyu sun mayar da gwajin da bai yi nasara ba ya zama sanannen samfur wanda ya kawo sauyi ga masana'antar jigilar kayayyaki.
Yayin da matashin Howard Fielding ya rike sabon sabon sabon sabon mahaifinsa a hannunsa, bai da wani tunanin cewa matakin da zai dauka na gaba zai sa shi zama mai tasowa. A hannunsa rike da wata ledar ledar da aka lullube da kumfa cike da iska. Gudun yatsunsa akan fim din mai ban dariya, ya kasa jure wa jaraba: ya fara busa kumfa - kamar yadda sauran duniya ke yi tun daga lokacin.
Don haka Fielding, wanda ke da shekaru kusan 5 a lokacin, ya zama mutum na farko da ya fara buga kumfa don jin daɗi. Wannan ƙirƙira ta kawo sauyi ga masana'antar jigilar kayayyaki, ta haifar da zamanin kasuwancin e-commerce, kuma ta kare biliyoyin kayayyakin da ake jigilarwa a duniya kowace shekara.
"Na tuna kallon waɗannan abubuwan kuma hankalina shine in matse su," in ji Fielding. "Na ce ni ne farkon wanda ya fara buɗe kumfa, amma na tabbata hakan ba gaskiya ba ne. Wataƙila manyan da ke cikin kamfanin mahaifina sun yi haka don tabbatar da inganci, amma ni ne ɗan fari."
Ya kara da dariya, "Abin farin ciki ne ya bullowa su. A lokacin kumfa sun fi girma, don haka suka yi ta hayaniya."
Mahaifin Fielding, Alfred, ya ƙirƙira kumfa tare da abokin kasuwancinsa, masanin kimiyyar sinadarai na Switzerland Marc Chavannes. A cikin 1957, sun yi ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar fuskar bangon waya mai rubutu wanda zai yi sha'awar sabon "Beat Generation." Sun gudu guda biyu na labulen shawa na filastik ta wurin mai ɗaukar zafi kuma sun fara takaici da sakamakon: fim mai kumfa a ciki.
Duk da haka, masu ƙirƙira ba su yi watsi da gazawarsu gaba ɗaya ba. Sun sami na farko na da yawa hažžožin kan matakai da kayan aiki don embossing da laminating kayan, sa'an nan kuma fara tunani game da amfani da su: fiye da 400 a gaskiya. Ɗaya daga cikinsu - rufin greenhouse - an cire shi daga allon zane, amma ya ƙare ya kasance mai nasara kamar fuskar bangon waya. An gwada samfurin a cikin greenhouse kuma an gano ba shi da tasiri.
Don ci gaba da haɓaka samfurin su na sabon abu, alamar Bubble Wrap, Fielding da Chavannes sun kafa Kamfanin Sealed Air Corp. a cikin 1960. Sai kawai shekara ta gaba suka yanke shawarar amfani da shi azaman kayan tattarawa kuma sun yi nasara. IBM kwanan nan ya ƙaddamar da 1401 (wanda aka la'akari da Model T a cikin masana'antar kwamfuta) kuma yana buƙatar hanyar da za ta kare kayan aiki masu rauni yayin jigilar kaya. Kamar yadda suka ce, sauran tarihi ne.
"Wannan ita ce amsar IBM ga wata matsala," in ji Chad Stevens, mataimakin shugaban kirkire-kirkire da injiniya na rukunin sabis na samfuran Seled Air. "Za su iya mayar da kwamfutocin lafiya da kwanciyar hankali. Wannan ya bude kofa ga kamfanoni da yawa don fara amfani da kumfa."
Kananan kamfanonin tattara kaya da sauri sun karɓi sabuwar fasahar. A gare su, kumfa kumfa abin godiya ne. A baya, hanya mafi kyau don kare abubuwa yayin wucewa ita ce a nannade su a cikin tarkacen buga jaridu. Yana da m saboda tawada daga tsofaffin jaridu sau da yawa shafe samfurin da kuma mutanen da suke aiki da shi. Bugu da kari, da gaske ba ya bayar da wannan kariya mai yawa.
Kamar yadda kumfa na kumfa ke girma cikin shahara, Sealed Air ya fara haɓaka. Samfurin ya bambanta da siffar, girman, ƙarfi da kauri don faɗaɗa kewayon aikace-aikacen: babba da ƙananan kumfa, fadi da gajerun zanen gado, babba da gajere rolls. A halin yanzu, mutane da yawa suna gano farin cikin buɗe waɗancan aljihu masu cike da iska (har ma Stevens ya yarda cewa “mai rage damuwa” ne).
Sai dai har yanzu kamfanin bai ci riba ba. TJ Dermot Dunphy ya zama Shugaba a shekarar 1971. Ya taimaka wajen bunkasa tallace-tallacen shekara-shekara na kamfanin daga dala miliyan 5 a shekararsa ta farko zuwa dala biliyan 3 a lokacin da ya bar kamfanin a shekara ta 2000.
"Marc Chavannes ya kasance mai hangen nesa kuma Al Fielding ya kasance injiniya na farko," in ji Dunphy, 86, wanda har yanzu yana aiki a kowace rana a kamfanin sa hannun jari da kuma gudanarwa mai zaman kansa, Kildare Enterprises. "Amma babu ɗayansu da ke son tafiyar da kamfanin, kawai suna son yin aiki a kan abin da suka kirkira."
Wani ɗan kasuwa ta hanyar horarwa, Dunphy ya taimaka wa Kamfanin Sealed Air daidaita ayyukansa da haɓaka tushen samfuran sa. Har ma ya faɗaɗa alamar a cikin masana'antar wasan iyo. Murfin tafkin kumfa ya zama sananne sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Murfin yana da manyan aljihunan iska waɗanda ke taimakawa tarko hasken rana da kuma riƙe zafi, don haka ruwan tafkin yana zama dumi ba tare da fitar da kumfa ba. A ƙarshe kamfanin ya sayar da layin.
Matar Howard Fielding, Barbara Hampton, ƙwararriyar bayanan haƙƙin mallaka, ta yi gaggawar nuna yadda haƙƙin mallaka ke ba wa surukinta da abokin aikin sa damar yin abin da suke yi. A cikin duka, sun sami wasu patals shida a kan kumfa, yawancin waɗanda ke da alaƙa da aiwatar da embosing da ɓata filastik, da kuma kayan aikin da suka wajaba. A gaskiya ma, Marc Chavannes a baya ya karbi haƙƙin mallaka guda biyu don fina-finai na thermoplastic, amma mai yiwuwa ba shi da kumfa mai tasowa a zuciya a lokacin. "Patents suna ba da dama ga masu kirkira don samun lada don ra'ayoyinsu," in ji Hampton.
A yau, Sealed Air kamfani ne na Fortune 500 tare da tallace-tallace na 2017 na dala biliyan 4.5, ma'aikata 15,000 da hidimar abokan ciniki a cikin kasashe 122. Asalin asali a New Jersey, kamfanin ya koma hedkwatarsa na duniya zuwa North Carolina a cikin 2016. Kamfanin yana yin da kuma sayar da kayayyaki iri-iri, ciki har da Cryovac, filastik siririn da ake amfani da shi don tattara abinci da sauran kayayyaki. Seled Air har ma yana ba da fakitin kumfa mara iska don jigilar kaya mara tsada ga abokan ciniki.
"Yana da sigar inflatable," in ji Stevens. "Maimakon manyan nadi na iska, muna sayar da nade-naden fina-finai tare da tsarin da ke kara iska idan an buƙata. Yana da tasiri sosai."
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Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-05-2024